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1. Post-Harvest Soil Nitrate Following Corn Production in Eight Midwestern StatesApplying nitrogen (N) at economically optimal rates (EONR) and at times of rapid crop uptake are practices that are thought to minimize the amount of residual soil nitrate (RSN) in the profile that may be susceptible to loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of rate (0 to 280 lb N/a in 40 lb increments) and timing (pre-plant (PP) or PP plus V9 sidedress (PP+SD)) of N application on corn grain yield and RSN in the top 3 feet of soil relative to the calculated EONR. Thirty-two... C. Bandura, C. Laboski, J. Camberato, P. Carter, R. Ferguson, F. Fernandez, D. Franzen, N. Kitchen, E. Nafziger, J. Sawyer, J. Shanahan |
2. Can Unmanned Aerial System-Mounted Passive Sensors Be Used To Recommend Sidedress Nitrogen Rates In Corn? A Comparison Between Active and Passive SensorsThe objectives of this research were to (i) assess the correlation between active and passive crop canopy sensors’ vegetation indices at different corn growth stages, (ii) assess sidedress variable rate nitrogen (N) recommendation accuracy of active and passive sensors compared to the agronomic optimum N rate (AONR) and (iii) assess sidedress VR N rate recommendation correlation between active and passive sensors. Two experiments were conducted, one near Central City, Nebraska on a Novina... L. Bastos, R. Ferguson |
3. Response of Continuous Corn to Varying Rates and Placements of Starter FertilizerPrevious research has shown that starter fertilizer, a small amount of fertilizer placed with or near the seed at planting, often accelerates early season growth and increases biomass production, but does not always increase grain yield in corn (Zea mays L.). Our objective was to evaluate the effects of starter fertilizer on crop growth and development, as well as grain yield and moisture in continuous corn cropping systems. Treatments consisted of no fertilizer applied at planting (Control),... C. Hornaday, J. Camberato, R. Nielsen |
4. Starter Fertilizer Slows the Movement of Corn Roots Across the RowApplications of starter fertilizer may alter the root morphology of young developing plants by causing lateral roots to proliferate when the root system enters the highly concentrated fertilizer band. This may affect the timing of root movement across the row when starter fertilizer is used. The timing of root movement across the row was determined by placing 20 12-inch-long perforated cylinders vertically in the soil at the V2 leaf stage. The cylinders were placed approximately every 15”... J. Lee, J. Camberato, R. Nielsen |
5. Residual Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Soil Nitrogen Pools and Corn GrowthNitrogen (N) fertilization of corn (Zea mays L.) may increase, decrease, or not affect the N supplying capacity of the soil. Six field-scale corn N rate trials were established in corn-soybean rotations in diverse soil types across Indiana. Six N rates ranging from about 25 to 270 lb N ac-1 were replicated 4 to 6 times at each site and re-applied to the same plots for each of four corn crops. In the fifth corn season, 2015, half of the replications at each location were supplied... M. Moser, R. Nielsen, J. Camberato |
6. Variation in Internal N Efficiency of Corn and Impact on Yield-Goal Based N RecommendationsInternal N efficiency (IE) is defined as bushels per acre (GY) produced per pound of N per acre (PMN) in the plant at physiological maturity (R6). Internal N efficiency defines the required amount of plant N content at R6 in a yield-goal based N rate recommendations (currently used in 30 U.S. states) and several commercial N recommendation models. Commonly IE is assumed to be constant at an approximate value of 0.8 bu lb-N-1 in yield-goal based recommendations. Our research objective was... M. Shafer, J. Camberato, P. Carter, R. Ferguson, F. Fernandez, D. Franzen, N. Kitchen, C. Laboski, E. Nafziger, R. Nielsen, J. Sawyer, J. Shanahan |
7. Effect of Alum Water Treatment Residuals on Soils with Very High Bray P1 Soil Test LevelsAs point discharges of phosphorus (P) and other pollutants to surface waters from industrial and municipal wastewater systems have been reduced, nonpoint sources of P are now contributing a greater portion of P inputs into freshwater resources. Agricultural runoff and/or erosion can be a main contributor to this nonpoint source pollution. Continued inputs of fertilizer and manure P in excess of crop requirements have led to a build-up of soil P levels which are of environmental, rather than agronomic... |
8. The Influence of Variably Applied Potassium Fertilizer on Yield Variations in Two Southern Illinois Farm FieldsThe basis of Variable Rate Technology (VRT) is to apply nutrients where they are needed and to reduce the application of nutrients where they are not needed. However, there is considerable uncertainty as to whether the variable application of nutrients to farmers fields should be on the basis of soil test levels or yield potentials. A field study was conducted at two locations in southern Illinois from 1997 to 1999 to evaluate VRT as a management tool for corn and soybean production on fields with... |
9. Effect of Changing the Rotation Sequence in a Long Term Tillage and Fertility StudyA continuous experiment was conducted fiom 1970 to 1999 to determine the long term effects of fertilizer application and tillage practices on soil acidity, organic matter and nutrient changes, and crop responses. Four tillage treatments were evaluated: continuous conventional: alternate till (two years no-till: one year conventional); continuous chisel till; and continuous no-till. Five fertilizer treatments were also evaluated (Ib ac-' N-P205-K20): check, 0-0-0; 175-0-0 broadcast; 160-0-0 broadcast... |
10. The Effect of Tillage and Lime Rate on Soil Acidity and Grain Yields of a Corn-Soybean RotationModern tillage systems, such as reduced tillage and no-tillage systems, provide shallow incorporation of surface applied materials at best. Because of concern of over-liming the surface few inches of agricultural soils, producers either reduce lime rates (and apply more often) or perform some sort of soil inversion to mix the lime deeper into the soil profile. The objectives ofthis field study were to evaluate the effects of tillage, lime rate and time of limestone application on corn and soybean... |
11. Varying Nitrogen and Seeding Rates of Corn Across Productivity Regions in FieldsA field study was conducted fiom 1999 to 2001 to determine the effects of variable seeding rates and variable nitrogen rates on corn (Zeu muys L.) in southern Ihois. In whole field experiments, variable seeding rates ranging fiom 18,000 to 38,000 seeds ac-' in 4.000 seed increments were planted in randomized strips (in a randomized complete block design) across the field that had soils with varying productivity based upon historical yield maps. From the yield data it was determined that the optimum... |
12. Using Historical Yield Patterns in Fields as a Management Tool to Variably Apply NitrgenIn whole field studies in southem Illinois a uniform rate of N application was compared with variably applied rates of N based upon historical crop yields for each field. The fields used were partitioned in "low". "medium", and "high" zones of productivity depending upon the normalized yield of the preceding 5 to 10 years of crops grown. Two formulas were used to variably apply nitrogen. One formula (VRN-One) calculated a N rate that favored more fertilizer in "high" productivity regions and less... |
13. Utilizing Inhibitor Technology to reduce Ammonia Volatilization Losses from Urea Sources Applied to Conservation TillageA severe limitation to urea fertilizers and the ureacomponent in livestock wastes is the high potential for volatile loss of nitrogen (N) as ammonia. Losses are especially severe when the urea-containing materials are surface applied with no or only limited subsequent incorporation. Extensive losses are also observed when urea is applied to warm soils that are moist and undergoing rapid drylng. Soil pH, the presence of an active microbial population, and soil texture are also known to impact volatilization... |
14. Corn Response to Anhydrous Ammonia rate, Timing, and Inhibitor use: A RevisitationField experiments were conducted from 2001 through 2003 at three southern Illinois locations to obtain more current data on the effects of anhydrous ammonia rates. application timing, and nitrapyrin (N-Serve) use on corn. Nitrogen rates of 0. 60, 120, and 180 lbs Nlac \\ere evaluated at three times of application (fall, spring pre-plant, and sidedress) with and without nitrapqrin. Corn yield results suggest that fall anhydrous ammonia application is inferior to spring application even if nitrapyrin... |
15. Corn Grain Yield Response to Nitrogen Rate Timing, Source, and Nitrification Inhibitor in MissouriNitrogen response depends on several factors including weather conditions, soil N supply capacity, previous crop in rotation, plant population, and fertilizer management practices. Fertilizer management practices include fertilizer rate, source, application timing, placement, and use of nitrogen stabilizer. In Missouri, the nitrogen fertilizer rate recommendations for corn are based on the yield goal equation. This equation includes the target plant population, pounds of nitrogen removed per thousand... G. Singh , K. Nelson, G. Kaur , J. Lory, M. Davis, L. Abendroth, H. Naumann, J. Calhoun, J. Chlapecka, W. Bradley, C.J. Ransom, R. Carson, P. Pal |