Proceedings
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1. Use of Near infrared-NIR- Reflecctance for Improving Nitrogen Management in Spring WheatAdvancements in agricultural technology are providing both producers and researchers with improved tools for farm management d ec is ion making . Reduced profit margins are requiring farm managers to use these advanced tools to optimize input management in order to improve prof it levels. Fertilizer nitrogen (N) is a major input foi spring wheat in the Great Plains. Each year, many farmers fertilize spring wheat with nitrogen to improve seedling vigor and plant developmenl. Nitrogen is a major nutrient... |
2. Update on the Certified Crop Adviser-CCA-ProgramThe Certified Crop Adviser (CCA) program implemented by the American Society of Agronomy (ASA) and the American Registry for Certified Professionals in Agronomy, Crops; and Soils (ARCPACS) through the cooperation of various state and regional boards will soon begin its second year. To date approximately 2100 people have taken the state and/or national exams and are in the process of completing the other requirements for certification. Several new state or multi-state CCA Boards have been organized... |
3. Response of Corn to N Fertilization in Fall, Spring, and (or) SummerPrecision farming technologies (remote sensing of canopy reflectance and yield monitoring) were used to study the response of corn after soybean to fertilizer N applied at different times in three field-scale trials in central Iowa in 1999. Weather conditions were unusually favorable for losses of fall-applied N and crop responses to N indicated that substantial losses occurred. Yields of corn could be maintained by adding a nitrification inhibitor or additional N, but the greatest profit was attained... |
4. Deep Tillage in a Corn-Soybean Production SystemMany crop producers in the Midwestern United States are currently using deep tillage, accomplished with equipment designed to run at depths of 30 to 40 cm, even though the effects of this practice are not well characterized. We assessed the effects of deep tillage, no tillage, and chisel plowing in the fall, with and without secondary tillage in the spring, on penetrometer resistance, plant stand, and yield of corn and soybean grown in rotation. In the spring, averaged across two years and six locations... |
5. A Crop-Based Approach for In-Season N Management of CornOver-application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on corn has resulted in elevated levels of N in ground and surface waters. A major factor contributing to decreased N use efficiency and environmental contamination for traditional corn N management schemes is routine pre-season application of large doses of N before the crop can effectively utilize this N. Our long-term research goal is to reduce these over-applications by using remote sensing to direct fertilizer only to areas needing N at times when... |
6. Influence of Soil Test Phosphorus on Phosphorus Runoff Losses from South Dakota SoilsApplications of manure and fertilizer phosphorus (P) to soil in excess of optimal crop requirements leads to a buildup of soil test phosphorus (STP) and increases the risk of offsite transfer of P during heavy precipitation events. The first step to developing effective manure and fertilizer P application strategies for South Dakota is to evaluate the relationship that exists between soil and runoff P. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine the relationship between STP and runoff P concentrations... |
7. Corn Hybrid Responses to Nitrogen Fertilizer RatesEfficient use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is becoming increasingly important in modem corn (Zea mays L.) production due to rising nitrogen fertilizer prices and growing concerns about NO3- contamination of ground and surface waters. Interest has arisen in whether nitrogen management can be improved by choosing hybrids that respond better to nitrogen. In order to see if hybrids respond differently to varying rates of N fertilizer, we grew nine hybrids at five N rates for three years at Urbana: Illinois.... |
8. Field Measurements of Nitrous Oxide Emissions across a Nitrogen Fertilizer Gradient for Corn Cropping SystemsSignificant reductions in nitrous oxide (N 2O) emissions from corn (Zea maize L.) cropping systems may be possible by reducing N fertilizer i nputs with relatively little impact on crop grain yield or economic return. To te st this hypothesis, experiments we re conducted at 4 locations in corn production in Michigan in 2007. All sites were under a corn-soybean rotation. Prior to planting, six rates of urea fertilizer (0-200 lb ac -1) were broadcast and incorporated into four replicate plots (RCBD)... |
9. Which Corn Nitrogen Fertilization Rate Tools Preforms the Best in the Midwest?Publicly-available nitrogen (N) rate recommendation tools are utilized to help maximize yield in corn production. These tools often fail when N is over-applied and results in excess N being lost to the environment, or when N is under-applied and results in decreased yield and economic returns. Performance of a tool is often based on the specific soil and weather conditions of a growing season. Research is needed to determine which tools are the most effective at recommending economical optimal N... |
10. Evaluation of Weed Management Strategies on Grain Sorghum Nitrogen Status and Grain Yield Using Optical SensorsInformation on weed management options and relation to nutrient status is very limited for grain sorghum production. The objectives of this study were: (i) determine the effects of different weed management strategies on grain sorghum yield; and (ii) evaluate the impact on nitrogen (N) status and development of the crop. This study was established at two locations in 2014 (Smith and Reno Co in Kansas). The study used a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Two main factors evaluated... |
11. Fertilizer Placement and Tillage Interaction in Corn and Soybean ProductionDifferent tillage systems can affect the availability of phosphorus (P) in the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and interaction of fertilizer placement, tillage, and varieties/hybrids for corn and soybean. The experiment was established at two locations in Kansas in 2014. The experimental design was a factorial in a randomized complete block with four replications. Three fertilizer treatments were combined with two tillage systems and two varieties/hybrids of soybean... |
12. Cover Crops Following Corn Silage and Winter WheatCover crops are widely used in Wisconsin following corn silage or winter wheat harvest to control erosion, but effects on subsequent corn yields and their optimum N rates have not been documented. Two separate studies were conducted to: (1) determine the effect of rye as a cover or silage crop on corn yields at varying N rates and (2) determine the effect of radish on corn yields and optimum N rates. In two of three years, a reduction in corn silage yield was determined following rye silage compared... |
13. No-till and Cover Crops Influence Soil Health and Nitrogen Rate and Timing Recommendations: Early ResultsThe idea of improving soil health has become increasingly more talked about by researchers, agronomists, and farmers in the past five years. Management practices such as no- or reduced-tillage and planting cover crops are recommended to improve soil health because of their potential to improve organic matter and soil structure leading to a greater capacity to hold water and nutrients needed for plant growth. Research in South Dakota has been occurring these past two years to determine the influence... J.D. Clark, A. Bly, D. Karki, D. Sanyal, J. Wolthuizen, P. Kovacs |
14. Manure, Phosphorus, and 125 Site-Years of Edge-of-Field Runoff MeasurementsPhosphorus export from agricultural fields continues to create water quality concerns in Wisconsin. The UW Discovery Farms program, along with Discovery Farms Minnesota have collected 125 site-years of edge-of-field monitoring datawhich can be used to better understand the relative effects of inherent soil properties (slope, drainage class, texture), management practices (manure application, tillage, crop rotation, cover cropping), and soil test P values on seasonal (frozen and non-... M. Ruark, A. Thompson, Z. Zopp, T. Radatz, A. Radatz, E. Cooley |