Proceedings
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1. Cropping System Effects on Phosphorus Response of CornToday's corn producer performs less tillage than in the past and predictions indicate that even less will be done in the future. Changes in management practices involving different tillage and residue incorporation practices alter the dynamics of organic matter turnover in soil and may influence the supply of plant nutrients. To maximize efficiency, it is critical that information be available to guide fertilizer management adjustments for specific tillage and rotation systems. A tremendous amount... |
2. Alfalfa Response to K Rate, Source and Time of ApplicationThe potassium (K) requirement of alfalfa is greater than that for any other nutrient. Potassium influences several systems within-alfalfa plants, including enzyme activity, carbohydrate production and transport, stomata1 activity: photosynthesis through chlorophyll content and CO, exchange rate, and nitrogen fixation (Munson, 1985). Potassium also markedly influences alfalfa agronomically through yield increases and improvements in forage quality, disease resistance, and overwinter survival. A significant... |
3. Effect of Tillage on Legume N Credit to Winter WheatAlthough there has been a significant amount of work done on the availability of legume-nitrogen for corn following alfalfa, several questions have arisen as to the sufficiency and availability of the legume N when winter wheat is raised as a following crop. This is especially true if the wheat is planted soon after the alfalfa is killed. The synchrony of nitrogen released from legumes with crop demand for N has been a concern even with crops such as corn, where N uptake can occur through- out the... |
4. Nitrogen Availability, Time of Release and Movement in RotationsPrevious studies have found that N is released through the decomposition of sugarbeet tops (Moraghan and Smith, 1996: Reitmeier et a]., 1999). There is also evidence that N credits may be justified following other broadleaf crops, such as potato and sunflower. This evidence follows work by Vanotti and Bundy (1995) and Bundy et al. (1 993) suggesting that N credits from annual legumes are provided not by decomposition ofthe roots or release ofN directly into the soil from the roots as some might assume,... |
5. Estimating Second- and Third Year Nitrogen Availability from Dairy manure: It is common practice to repeatedly apply dairy manure to the same fields. To accurately assess the total plant availability of rnanure nutrients, it is necessary to account for the nutrients remaining in soil fiom previous years applications. A corn (Zea mays) field experiment has continued since 1998 on a Plano silt loam. Residual manure N availability was estimated for two and three years after a single rnanure application fiom differences in whole-plant N uptake using 1) fertilizer N equivalence... |
6. Sulfur Responses and the Wisoconsin Alfalfa Sulfur SurveyFor more than 30 years, agronomists, soil scientists, consultants and farmers have recognized the potential for significant responses to applied sulfur fertilizer in northern and western Wisconsin on lighter textured, low organic matter soils that had not recently received manure (Rand et al., 1969; Hoefi and Walsh, 1975; Schulte, 1976; Peters and Kelling, 1987). More recently, crop consultants and others have reported seeing sulhr responses on soils or in locations where they typically were not... |
7. Strip-Tilled Corn Responses to Deep Placement of Phosphorus and Potassium- 2005 UpdateReduced tillage systems modify some of the most important variables related with the plant-soil- weather environment and consequently affect the last expression of this relation: yield. A possibly more restrictive root growth scenario (due to lower soil temperatures and higher mechanical impedance), as well as pronounced horizontal and vertical stratification in nutrients within the soil profile (particularly for no-till systems) could lead to a reduction in root uptake of nutrients. This situation... M. Cánepa, T.J. Vyn |
8. Effects of Glyphosate Application and Manganese Fertiization on Leaf Manganese Concentration and Yield of Glyphosate-Resistant SoybeanGlyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean is widely accep ted in the United States. Recent research in Indiana and elsewhere has observe d that post-emergence foliar applications of glyphosate may cause or exacerbate manganese (Mn) deficiency and then limit yield of GR soybeans on low Mn availability soils. The objectives of this study were to 1) better understand how glyphosate application(s) might reduce the up take and translocation of Mn in GR soybean plants, and 2) determine the effectiveness of starter-banded... |
9. Plant Density Consequences on Nitrogen Uptake Dynamics of Maize Plants from Vegetative to Reproductive StagesThere are few studies to date that have inte nsively examined the simultaneous effects of differences in plant crowding and fertilizer N availability for different hybrids and locations on N uptake and maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield. The main research objective was to utilize a quantitative framework to bett er understand the physiological mechanisms that govern N dynamics in maize plants at varying plant densi ties and N rates. Two field experiments involving paired near-isogenic hybrids (i.e.... |
10. Corn Plant Uniformity Following Shallow NH3 Placement in Precision-Guided, Pre-Plant Nitrogen ApplicationsCorn (Zea mays L.) production relies extensively on different types of N fertilizers, and anhydrous ammonia (NH 3) continues to be a dominant N s ource in much of the Corn Belt. Timing and placement of NH 3 fertilizer can affect plant-to-plant uniformity and yield of corn, and especially so when high N rates are applied and there is little time between spring pre-plant NH 3 application and planting. The effects of shallow pre-plant NH3 placement on corn plant-to- plant uniformity were investig ated... |
11. Consequences Of Shallow NH3 Placement And Timing On N Use Efficiencies In Corn ProductionA field study in west-central Indiana was conducted to investigate the effects of shallow anhydrous ammonia (NH 3) placement and timing on N use efficiencies in a conventionally tilled corn production system following soybean crop. The spring NH 3 was applied either pre-plant (6- inches offset from future corn row) or side-dress (at mid-row position) at different rates (0, 80, 130 or 180 lbs N acre -1). Aboveground biomass harvest and combine harvested yield were used to determine N recovery, N internal... |
12. Potassium Fertilizer Rate and Timing in Strip-till Systems: Recent Indiana Research with an Alternative K SourceIncreased adoption of conservation tillage systems and alternative potassium (K) sources (e.g., Aspire™, 0-0-58(K2O)-0.5(B)) has prompted new questions about optimal K fertilization practices in maize. The primary goal of this study was to address farmer questions related to strip-till timing, banding Aspire™ with strip-till versus other tillage/placements (e.g., broadcast in no-till (NT) and fall chisel (FC)), and whether reduced K fertilizer rates can maintain maize yields... L.E. Schwarck, T.J. Vyn |
13. Corporate Sustainability Initiatives and Their Interface with Crop Nutrient ManagementAn increasing number of corporations are establishing sustainability initiatives. For ag/food companies, these interface with nutrient management mainly via nitrogen—a lot of carbon dioxide is produced during nitrogen fertilizer manufacture, and some nitrogen fertilizer is converted to nitrous oxide (a potent greenhouse gas) after application. A corporate sustainability representative, a nitrous oxide expert, and a farmer will present their views and then take questions... P. Carter, R. Sirolli, G. Robertson, M. Hora |