Proceedings
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1. Strip Tillage and No Tillage Fertilization Systems Evaluated for Eastern Kansas Rain Fed CornRow-crop agriculture in East-Central and Southeast Kansas is facing increasing pressure to reduce sediment and nutrient losses via runoff. Edge-of-field measurements show that no-tillage with fertilizers placed below the surface of the soil has significantly less sediment and total P losses in runoff compared to conventional tillage (Janssen et al., 2000). However, for rain-fed corn, no-tillage in these regions can provide serious challenges some years because of frequent spring rains and an abundance... |
2. In-Season Nitrogen Recommendations for CornMaking fertilizer N recommendations involves a great deal of guess work and uncertainty because much, essentially all, of the fertilizer N is applied before the crop is planted and the amount is based on estimated crop use from historical data. In addition, producers, consultants, and fertilizer dealers try to anticipate how much N might be lost because of untimely or excess precipitation or how much additional N might be required if the weather conditions are favorable. Sidedress and in-season... |
3. Should We Abandon Soil Testing and Yield Goals in Estimating Nitrogen Rates for CornIf the prices of corn and fertilizer-N and the shape of the N response function relating crop yield to the amount of fertilizer used are known, calculating an economically optimal N rate (EONR) for maximizing the net return to applied N is straightforward: the EONR is the N rate at which no firher increase in net return occurs. In most cropping systems and under common price scenarios, crop yield at the EONR is within 95 to 99% of the maximum yield obtained for the specific management package. In... |
4. Crop Residue Removal Effects on Soil PropertiesThree large challenges facing mankind are the n eed to feed a rapidly growing population, increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and reliance on fossil fuels. Expectations from agriculture include produ ction of food and fiber to meet demands, management of agricultural systems to sequester carbon and redu ce emission of other greenhouse gases, and provision of feedstock for a rapidly expanding biofuels industry. Some discussions involving use of crop residue for biofuel... |
5. iPhone Apps: Corn Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Calculator and Nitrogen Fertilizer Price Comparison CalculatorAs communications technology advances, there is a need for Extension to deliver information and decision- making tools that leverage these new technologies to engage existing and new clientele groups in new wa ys. Smart technologies allow ac cess to pertinent information on-the- go and out in the field, right when it's needed. ... |
6. Cover Crops Influence Soil Health and Nutrient Cycling in a Multi-Location Study in South DakotaSoil without living roots potentially loses mobile nutrients and retains excess water. Unprotected soil degradation and erosion enable the loss of carbon and nutrient rich top soil. Cover crops provide armor for the soil protecting from carbon and nutrient loss. Cover crop blends may influence soil health parameters and nutrient cycling. This multi-locational study depicts the influence of cover crop species blends with varying grass and broadleaf concentrations on established soil-health indicators... D. Sanyal, J. Wolthuizen, D. Karki, J. Clark, A. Bly |
7. Do cover crops improve soil health and enhance nutrient availability to cash crops?Bare soils are prone to erosion and lose soluble nutrients. Cover crops provide protection to the soil against erosion and nutrient loss. We hypothesized that the cover crops should uptake available nutrients from the soils in the fall when there is no cash crop, assimilate the nutrients in their tissues, and in the following spring, should release the nutrients back to the soil during the next cash crop growing season. In our study, we are quantifying the nutrients taken up by the cover crops... D. Sanyal, A. Rahhal, H. Bielenberg, J. Wolthuizen, J. Clark, A. Bly |
8. Lessons learned from long-term P & K trialThis presentation will disucss corn and soybean response to P and K over 10 years in a notill system. ... C.A. Laboski, T.W. Andraski |
9. Cover crops nutrients uptake did not cause yield loss in cornBare soils are susceptible to erosion and nutrient loss. Cover crops and residues provide physical protection against erosion and nutrient loss, and improve nutrient cycling as well as biodiversity. We hypothesized that cover crops store available nutrients from the soil in the fall and release them the next spring for the next cash crop, minimizing potential nutrients loss with no adverse effect on cash crop yield. A four site-year study throughout South Dakota was conducted to compare... |
10. Can Cover Crops Help to Improve Soil Health While Having a Positive Effect on Corn Grain Yield?Cover crops have recently gained attention in the U.S. Mid-west because of their potential to increase soil organic matter and improve overall soil health. There is some concern however, that cover crops may negatively impact corn grain yield. This study was conducted to determine the effects that different cover crop mixtures have on soil health measurements and corn grain yield at increasing nitrogen rates. Cover crops were planted in the fall as a dominantly grass mixture, dominantly... |
11. Can Kura Clover and Winter Rye Covers Mitigate Nitrate Leaching In Irrigated Sands?Cover crops are gaining more popularity as a mitigation tool to prevent nitrate (NO3--N) leaching from the corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) merr.] fields of Minnesota. Leaching of NO3--N is not only a monetary loss for growers, but also results in groundwater contamination. Winter rye (Secale cereale), a commonly grown cover crop in Minnesota and kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum), a less... |
12. Use of Biostimulants for Increased Nutrient Uptake in Maize ProductionBiostimulants are becoming popular in the agricultural market as products to increase growth, health, and/or yield of crop plants. These products differentiate themselves from traditional plant growth regulators as they impact crop growth and development indirectly through mitigation of crop stress and/or greater nutrient availability and uptake. The challenge in working with these products is that there are many types of biostimulants, each with unique mechanisms of action. The objective of this... C.N. Sible, F.E. Below |
13. Biochemical Soil Health Indicators Related to Economic Optimum Nitrogen Rate in CornIn corn production, nitrogen (N) fertilization is one of the main inputs to enhance yield. However, in the last few years, reducing N utilization has been a goal due to environmental concerns and production costs. Soil health tests have been studied to understand the relationship with N availability and its use to adjust N recommendation rates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of different soil tests with the economic optimum N rate (N) for corn in Wisconsin. Soil samples... D. Orjuela diaz, C.A. Laboski, F. Arriaga |
14. A Minnesota-Wide Assessment of Critical Pre-Plant and in-Season Soil Nitrate for Adjusting Nitrogen Rate GuidelinesThe pre-plant (PPNT) and pre-sidedress (PSNT) soil nitrate tests are often used as indicators of soil nitrogen (N) availability in Minnesota. The assessment of available soil nitrogen (N) provides corn (Zea mays L.) growers with key information on N credits to adjust their N fertilizer rates. However, current N management recommendations in Minnesota were based on research conducted 40-yr ago and did not specify differences between environments and management. Through a comprehensive... E. Souza, F.G. Fernandez, J. Coulter, M. Wilson, J.A. Vetsch, P.H. Pagliari, R.T. Venterea, D.E. Kaiser, K.P. Fabrizzi, D. Bernau, C.J. Rosen, K. Mizuta, Y. Miao, V. Sharma |
15. Employing Statistical Models to Determine the Soil Tests and/or Soil Characteristics That Improved EONR Prediction in CornIn corn production, nitrogen (N) fertilization is crucial for increasing yield. However, in the last few years, there has been a push to use less N due to environmental concerns and production costs. There has been an interest in using soil health tests to predict N mineralization potential and further understand soil N availability to adjust N recommendation rates. Different statistical models like regression or decision tree analysis have been used to determine how the Economic Optimum N Rate... D. Orjuela diaz, C.A. Laboski, F. Arriaga |
16. Polymer Coated Urea and Time of Application for Corn Production in MinnesotaManaging N for corn production is a key to minimizing N losses. Excessively wet spring conditions resulting from ongoing climate change exacerbate loss potential of early spring N applications. Also, a shift in available N fertilizer sources calls for an extensive evaluation of these sources across different soil conditions to update the current N best management practices. The objectives of this research are to evaluate various urea, polymer-coated urea (PCU), and PCU-urea blends and N application... F. Fernández, K. Fabrizzi, J. Vetsch, W.F. Lazarus |
17. Effect of Manure Sources on Soil Phosphorus DynamicsPhosphorus (P) is essential for crop production, but it also causes water quality issues such as algal blooms. Crops typically utilize only 10-20% of applied P; the remainder accumulates in soil or is eroded/leached into water bodies, resulting in reduced fertilizer use efficiency and increased risk of eutrophication. This study evaluated the effects of different organic fertilization strategies on soil P pools across two sites in Ohio. Treatments included two manure-amended sites, one receiving... J. Singh, J. Ippolito, G. Labarge, M. Rakkar |
18. Fertilizer Derived Nitrogen Dispersion in Minnesota Corn with Rye and Kura Clover Cover CropsWhile ideally all fertilizer nitrogen (N) is utilized by crops, much can be lost to the environment as nitrate (NO3), nitrous oxide (N2O), or ammonia (NH3). To enhance agronomic systems and mitigate environmental N dispersion, best management practices can be utilized. Here, urea was applied to continuous corn at 250 kg N/ha or a 0 kg N/ha control, and with select cover crops (no cover, winter rye, kura clover) to assess practices that may result in optimal fertilizer... J. Kastenbauer, F. Fernández, V. Sharma, R. Venterea, J. Spackman |