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1. Can Soil Information Better Inform Canopy Sensor Algorithms for Corn?Corn production is often limited by the loss of nitrogen (N) due to leaching, volatilization and denitrification. The use of canopy sensors for making in-season N fertilizer applications has been proven effective in matching plant N requirements with periods of rapid N uptake (V7-V11), reducing the amount of N lost to these processes. However, N recommendation algorithms used in conjunction with canopy sensor measurements have not proven accurate in many fields of the U.S. Cornbelt, resulting in... , N.R. Kitchen, J. Camberato, P.R. Carter, R.B. Ferguson, F.G. Fernandez, D.W. Franzen, F.G. Fernandez, E.D. Nafziger, C.J. Ransom, , J. Shanahan, G.M. Bean |
2. Evaluation of Secondary and Micronutrient for Soybean Production in KansasSecondary and micronutrients are being increasingly studied for their potential to contribute to yield increase. The objective of this study was to evaluate soybean response to secondary and micronutrient fertilizer application to maximize yields. A randomized complete block design was employed with four replications, at five locations during 2013 and five locations in 2014. Treatments consisted of micronutrient fertilizer as individual nutrient for B, Cu, Mn, S and Zn, in addition to a mix of these... |
3. Fertilizer Placement and Tillage Interaction in Corn and Soybean ProductionDifferent tillage systems can affect the availability of phosphorus (P) in the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and interaction of fertilizer placement, tillage, and varieties/hybrids for corn and soybean. The experiment was established at two locations in Kansas in 2014. The experimental design was a factorial in a randomized complete block with four replications. Three fertilizer treatments were combined with two tillage systems and two varieties/hybrids of soybean... |
4. Agricultural Impact on Groundwater QurlityThere has been an increasing awareness within Iowa of the impact of agriculture on groundwater quality. The data of Iowa Geologic Survey scientists from studies in northeast Iowa have focused attention on the Big Spring Basin area. A project to intensively study groundwater in the Big Spring Basin is underway. The project includes the active cooperation and participation of the following agencies: ISU Agricultural Experiment Station, Clayton County Soil Conservancy District ISU Cooperative Extension... |
5. Bandded Phosphorus Applications to Winter Wheat - 1985-86While many producers recognize the importance of a sound P fertilization program for profitable wheat production? there are many potentially responsive wheat acres not receiving any fertilizer P - resulting in reduced grain yields and farmer profitability. over the years there have been many research studies conducted by land grant Universities throughout the Great Plains indicating the importance of fertilizer P applications for wheat production on low P testing soils. In the mid to late 1970's... |
6. The Effect of Sulfur Fertilization of Yield and Quality of Corn and AlfalfaThe importance of sulfur (S) fertilizers for crop production in Minnesota has been recognized for several years. Inpast research, the use of S had increased crop production only on the sandy soils. Since the soil organic matter is a major reservoir of S for plant use, there is always some question about the need for S in a fertilizer program where soils are not sandy but, yet, have a low organic matter content. It is well known that S is an important component of some amino acids in wlants and this... |
7. Influence of Tillage Systems on Corn Yields and Soil Test ValuesA long term tillage study was initiated at the Greenley Memorial Research Center (Novelty, MO) in 1976 to look at the effects of 4 tillage systemsoncornproduction. Thestudywasinitiatedandconductedby researchers in the Agricultural Engineering Department. Agronomy has become involved in the study beginning in 1985 to assess the effects of tillage systems on soil chemical and physical properties. The upland soils at this site are poorly drained and are generally refered to as "claypan" soils. The climate... |
8. Using Sufficiency and Recommendation Information to Calculate Fertilizer Response Curve and Profitability Estimates.The importance of sound fertility programs in efficient, profitable farming operations is well known - especially in times of low crop prices. Likewise, the importance of a sound soil testing program - and recommendation guidelines that relate these soil test values to credible, long-term research results - is recognized as the best way of obtaining maximum economic returns from fertilizer dollars. Unfortunatly, there are few tools available for evaluating the profitabi1it.y of a specific fertility... |
9. Field Estimation of Ammonia Volatilization from Surface-applied UreaAccurate estimation of the potenial for NH3 volatilization from urea-based fertilizers is an important step in optimizing Nuse efficiency from these fertilizers. Published estimates of volatilization from surface-applied urea vary widely. Citations listing losses from 2% on up to 80% from various systems can be found. Consequently, many growers, to protect themselves, will apply urea at higher than recommended rates, assuming some arbitrary level of loss will occur. The objectives of the research... |
10. Aglime for Corn and Soybean ProductionLiming acid agricultural soils has been a long-time proven practice to maintain/improve crop yields, particularly forage legumes, and to favorably affect soil chemical, biological and physical properties. Summaries of soil test results from the Iowa State University Soil Testing Laboratory for the past 35 years have shown a consistent 2 to 3 percent of soil samples with a soil pH below 5.5 and 14 to 16 percent with soil pH between 5.6 and 6.0. There has been an increasing percentage (from 21 to 35%)... |
11. Summary of P Fertilizer use Effects on Soil Test PhosphorusOver the years, much research has centered on the use of various soil P extractants for developing soil fertility programs. While P soil test values are most reliable for estimating the historical probability of obtaining a crop response from fertilizer P application and tracking the effects of past P fertility programs - P soil tests are more commonly used as to estimate future fertilizer P rate requirements. Depending on the objectives of a grower, P soil testing is used to predict future P rate... |
12. Chemical and Biological Changes Resulting from Soil SubmergenceFlooding of a soil for rice production results in significant short and long term physical, chemical and biological changes in soil properties. These changes may have significant impact of the availability of nutrients for plant growth both for aquatic plants growing in the flooded soil and upland plants on the soil when not under flooded conditions. Chief among these nutritional effects are accelerated nitrogen (N) losses, conversion of phosphorus (P) to more available forms during flooding then... |
13. Influence of Potassium, Sulfur, and Zinc Fertilizer on Corn and Soybean Grown on High Tetsing SoilThe influence of potassium, sulfur and zinc fertilizer on corn and soybean yields grown on high testing soils was studied at two locations in Eastern South Dakota over a period of six years. Treatments were 50 Ibla K,O, 25 Ibla sulfur and 5 Ib/a zinc. The treatments were applied to the same plots at each location every year. Soil test levels were in the high range for all elements in question and additional nutrients would not have been recommended by the South Dakota State University Soil Testing... |
14. Nitrate Concentrations in Drainage Water from a Continuous Corn Production System- Impacts of Tile Spacing and Precipitation EventsCharacterization of agricultural drains as point sources for nitrates in surface waters has generated keen interest in regional grab-sample monitoring programs. Grab sample tile drain monitoring programs are being explored by numerous public and private organizations interested in encouraging BMPYs for nitrogen and/or implementation of TMDL policy. Our objective was to determine if nitrate concentrations in water collected from individual tile lines could be interpreted independent of information... |
15. Site Specific Nitrogen and Irrigation Management Across Nebraska Agro-ecological ZonesNitrogen leaching below hrrow irrigated ground has caused nitrate contamination in Nebraska's groundwater. Alternate row irrigation and alternate row nitrogen fertilization is proposed as a method to decrease water use and decrease nitrogen leaching. Nitrogen was applied at a uniform and variable rates based on spring grid sampling for nitrate and soil organic matter. The experiment was conducted at three sites in Nebraska that represent a range of growing conditions. At these sites the average growing... |
16. Site-Specific Nitrogen and Irrigation Management Across Nebraska Agro-Ecological ZonesNitrogen leaching below hrrow-irrigated ground has caused nitrate contamination in Nebraska's groundwater. Alternate row hrrow irrigation and alternate row nitrogen fertilization is proposed as a method to decrease water use and decrease nitrogen leaching. Nitrogen (N) was applied at a uniform and variable rate based on spring grid sampling for nitrate. The experiment was conducted at three sites in Nebraska that represent a range of growing conditions. At these sites, the average growing degree-days... |
17. Strategies for Establishing Management Zones for Site Specific Nutrient ManagementRecent precision agriculture research has focused on the use of management zones as a method to define areas for variable application of crop inputs. The goal of our work was to determine the relative importance of terrain information, aerial photographs, magnetic induction maps, and yield maps to define management zones. This work was conducted on a center-pivot irrigated field located near Gibbon. NE that has been planted to continuous corn for at least five years. Remotely sensed bare-soil images,... |
18. A Comparison of Producer Adoption of Precision Agricultural Practices in Denmark, The United Kingdom, and Nebraska in the United StatesWhile a lot of research and commercial development has taken place in precision agriculture in recent years there is little information available about the experience and opinions of the producers who are trying to make it pay its way in the field. Information about producer experiences in precision agriculture would be useful in guiding hture research and development in both the public and private sectors. Important questions could include: - what types of precision agriculture practices are producers... |
19. How Does Your Garden Grow? Fertilizer- Friend or FoeGeo-spatial technologies are becoming common place in commercial agriculture and hands-on exercises using these concepts and technologies klfill many state K-12 education standards. The activity topics covered crop nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), global positioning systems (GPS), geographic information systems (GIs), types of agricultural field equipment, soil types and crop identification. Students developed and implemented plant growth experiments to test nutrient application hypotheses.... |
20. Relationship Between Soil P and P in Surface Runoff and Subsurface Drainage- An Overview of Ongoing ResearchNonpoint source pollution fiom agricultural fields has the potential to accelerate eutrophication of fieshwater ecosystems. In a report of water quality in the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency sited agriculture as the primary source of pollution in 60% of impaired river miles, 30% of the impaired lake acres and 15% of estuarine square miles @PA, 1998). Phosphorus, in particular, has received much attention due to its role as limiting nutrient in many fieshwater ecosystems (Correll,... |
21. Sulfur Influence on Corn and Soybean Yields in Eastern South DakotaClean air legislation, the increasing use of conservation tillage, and the manufacture of phosphorus fertilizers without sulfur have all contributed to lowering soil sulfur (S) availability to crops. Soil S availability has been affected to some extent by all three issues in eastern South Dakota. Hilltop erosion has exposed subsoil in which the pH is higher and organic matter content is lower than at lower landscape positions. In some eroded shoulder positions of the landscape in no-till fields.... |
22. Use of Chlorophyll Flourescence Techniques to Detect Stresses in CornIncreased efficiencies in the use of water and fertilizer will require better methods of monitoring crop stress. This study was conducted to determine whether chlorophyll fluorescence was more sensitive to detecting water and nitrogen stress than chlorophyll meters in corn (Zea mays). The experiment was carried out near Shelton, NE in 2000, 200 1, and 2002. Treatments consisted of a factorial combination of 12 corn hybrids (1 1 Pioneer Hi-Bred internationali and B73 x M017), two water levels (deficit... |
23. Nutrient Management Implications of Relay Cropping on the EnvironmentResidual nitrogen (nitrate-N) remaining in the root zone after seed corn production is frequently greater than under commercial corn production. This nitrate is subject to leaching into the shallow ground water of the Platte River Valley in South-Central Nebraska. as noted by elevated nitrate-N concentrations under seed cornfields compared to other fields. Hard-red winter wheat was planted into seed corn residue in early October of 2001 as a cover crop to scavenge residual- N from the root zone and... |
24. Providing Flexibility in P and K RecommendationsHistorically, land grant Universities have generally provided a single rate recommendation for nutrients such as phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Depending on the particular University in question, these nutrient rate recommendations are generally based on two widely recognized approaches to managing soil and fertilizer P and K - the nutrient sufficiency approach and the build-maintenance approach. The goal of a nutrient sufficiency based soil fertility program is to apply just enough P andior K... |
25. Relationship Between Response Indices Measured In-Season and at Harvest in Winter WheatCurrent methods for making nitrogen recommendations in winter wheat (Triticum aestivurn L.) do not adjust for in-season temporal variability of plant available non-fertilizer nitrogen (N) sources. The purpose of this study was to compare the use of different nitrogen response indices determined in-season @INDVI and RIPLANTHEIGkm) to the nitrogen response index measured at harvest (RIHARvEST). In addition, this study evaluated the use of the in-season response indices for determining topdress nitrogen... |
26. The Analysis of Nitrogen and Plant Population InteractionsNitrogen and plant population are significant factors for corn production. Accurate nitrogen fertilizer and seeding rate recommendations are essential for optimizing profitability for the fmer and minimizing nitrogen losses. Research and development of yield response curves provide important information that can be used to understand the relationships between these inputs (nitrogen fertilizer and corn seeds) and output (grain yield). Over the varying levels of inputs. yield response functions can... |
27. Active Sensor Orientation Over Corn Rows and Effect on Assessment of BiomassOur long-tern mresearch goal is to develop practical N application systems that use on-the-go remote sensing as a nleans to assess crop N status and only apply N where needed at times when the crop can most efficiently utilize N. Our preliminaty testing of two active sensor systems has shoxl-11 considerable promise for rapid and accurate assessment of canopy N status and crop biomass. In this work, the effect of sensor positioning and orientation over the canopy and their effects on assessment of... |
28. An Update on Crop Canopy Sensors for In-Season N ManagementRemote sensing in agriculture has focused 011 the spectral and spatial properties of plants. Remote sensing provides the capability for rapid collection of vast quantities of spatial data that can be analyzed quickly for use in detel-mining a course of action. This creates the potential for using remote sensing to assess and manage in-season production practices. Past research has shown that a change in canopy rel-lectance inay not be unique for a given stress. Also, other agents may have effects... |
29. Foliar Applications of K on SoybeansUse of foliar K fertilization has been extensively researched starting in the 1970's with relatively variable and inconsistent soybean yield response. However recent developments which have increased the observed incidence of I glyphosate-resistant soybeans nlay make foliar I fertilization practice may improvc the flexibility of growers to respond to decreased K availability during the growing season because of changes in environmental and rnanagement conditions. This paper details the results of... |
30. Influence of Soil Test Phosphorus on Phosphorus Runoff Losses from South Dakota SoilsApplications of manure and fertilizer phosphorus (P) to soil in excess of optimal crop requirements leads to a buildup of soil test phosphorus (STP) and increases the risk of offsite transfer of P during heavy precipitation events. The first step to developing effective manure and fertilizer P application strategies for South Dakota is to evaluate the relationship that exists between soil and runoff P. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine the relationship between STP and runoff P concentrations... |
31. Relationship of Mehlich-3 ICP and Mehlich-3 Colorimetric Phosphorus Determinations with the Bray-P1 ExtractantThe Bray P1 extractant has traditionally been the common extractant used for soil testing in the Midwest and Great Plains. while the Olsen P tests has been the dominant phosphorus (P) extractant used in many westem states. The use of the Meldich-3 extractant for determining soil test P in private and state operated soil test laborato~ies becotne more commonplace in recent years. The ability to extract multiple elements is a 11lajor advantage of the Mehlich-3 test. While the Mehlich-3 test is often... |
32. In Season RecommendationsWe are testing a prototype high-clearance tractor configured with active crop canopy sensors, drop nozzles with electronic valves, and a variable rate controller as means to deliver in-season variable rates of liquid N fertilizer based on crop needs as an alterative to preplant uniform applications of N. The active sensor we're evaluating is the model ACS-210 Crop Circle made by Holland Scientific. It generates it's own source of modulated light in the amber and near infrared (NIR) bands and then... |
33. In-Season Nitrogen Recommendations for CornMaking fertilizer N recommendations involves a great deal of guess work and uncertainty because much, essentially all, of the fertilizer N is applied before the crop is planted and the amount is based on estimated crop use from historical data. In addition, producers, consultants, and fertilizer dealers try to anticipate how much N might be lost because of untimely or excess precipitation or how much additional N might be required if the weather conditions are favorable. Sidedress and in-season... |
34. Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency in a Long-term Research TrialIn 1993, a long term crop rotation study (The Living Field Laboratory) was initiated at the W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI, designed to investigate the benefits of cover crops in various integrated systems compared to a conventional system without cover crops. Today, with the rising cost of production (i.e. energy and fertiliz er) and continued environmental concerns, there are strong incentives for corn pr oducers to accurately assess N requirements and improve fertilizer efficiency.... |
35. Field Measurements of Nitrous Oxide Emissions across a Nitrogen Fertilizer Gradient for Corn Cropping SystemsSignificant reductions in nitrous oxide (N 2O) emissions from corn (Zea maize L.) cropping systems may be possible by reducing N fertilizer i nputs with relatively little impact on crop grain yield or economic return. To te st this hypothesis, experiments we re conducted at 4 locations in corn production in Michigan in 2007. All sites were under a corn-soybean rotation. Prior to planting, six rates of urea fertilizer (0-200 lb ac -1) were broadcast and incorporated into four replicate plots (RCBD)... |
36. Crop Residue Removal Effects on Soil PropertiesThree large challenges facing mankind are the n eed to feed a rapidly growing population, increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and reliance on fossil fuels. Expectations from agriculture include produ ction of food and fiber to meet demands, management of agricultural systems to sequester carbon and redu ce emission of other greenhouse gases, and provision of feedstock for a rapidly expanding biofuels industry. Some discussions involving use of crop residue for biofuel... |
37. Integration of Ultrasonic and Active Canopy Sensors to Estimate the In-Season Nitrogen Content for CornThe objectives of this research were to: (i ) determine the correlation between active canopy sensor (ACS) assessments of N status and ultr asonic sensor measurements of canopy height at several growth stages for corn receiving varying am ounts of N, (ii) test the ability of both sensors to distinguish N-mediated differences in canopy development and (iii) test the integrated use of both sensors. This experiment was conducted with varying N rates in an existing long-term study and farmer's fields... |
38. Management Zone Delineation Techniques to Aid In-Season Sensor Based Nitrogen ApplicationThe increased efficiency of nitr ogen fertilizer (N) use has been a long-term goal in reduction of nitrate contamination in the stat e of Nebraska. Preliminary rese arch has shown sensor based in- season application of nitrogen has the ability to be economic and environmentally viable. Although benefits have been published there is an opportunity for increased accuracy of N application through the integration of preprocesse d georeferenced management zones. In-season sensor based N application relies... |
39. Drainage Management and Nitrogen LossNitrate-N loss through subsurface agricultural draina ge is of local and regional concern in the Midwest. Good drainage and nitrogen management practices have the potential to reduce nitrate- N concentrations and loss from subsurface drainage systems. The five year (2005-2009) nitrogen management study in Pocahontas County, IA suggests that while fall application of fertilizer may result in higher nitrate-N concentrations than spring application during certain period of the growing season; overall,... |
40. Adapt-N: A Computational Tool for Precise N Management in CornCurrent approaches to estimation of optimum N fertilizer rates are based on mass balances, average expected economic return based on field experiments, soil N tests, an d crop leaf or canopy sensing. However, denitrification and leaching losses of nitrogen may occur from dynamic and complex interactions among weather, soil hydrology, crop water and N uptake, and management practices , and result in high variability in annual crop N needs in maize ( Zea mays L.) production. W eather impacts the soil... |
41. Genotype Specific Management for Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Kentucky Soft Red Winter WheatThe complex interaction of genotype x environment x management (GxExM) that defines crop yield is often only explored with research on a single genotype or a select few genotypes. Improvements in crop management and understanding local adaptation to climate variability will require a broader understanding of specific genotype interactions with management systems across multiple environments. A multi-year study investigating the potential for variety specific management systems based on phenotypic... |
42. Searching for Inputs to Increase Soybean YieldCommodity prices and production costs are both at higher levels than in prior periods, encouraging growers to maximize returns by managing costs and raising yields. We conducted experiments at three Illinois sites in 2012 to evaluate foliar fertilizer, foliar insecticide, lactofen herbicide, seed treatment, foliar fungicide, foliar fungicide + foliar insecticide, cytokinin, , and fertilizer N, alone or in combinations of factors, including some deletion' treatments. Serious drought through the first... |
43. Integrating Management Zones and Canopy Sensing for Improved Nitrogen Recommendation AlgorithmsActive crop canopy sensors have been studied as a tool to direct spatially variable nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications in maize, with the goal of increasing the synchrony between N supply and crop demand and thus improving N use efficiency (NUE). However, N recommendation algorithms have often proven inaccurate in certain subfield regions due to local spatial variability. Modifying these algorithms by integrating soil-based management zones (MZ) may improve their accuracy... J. Crowther, J. Parrish, R. Ferguson, J. Luck, K. Glewen, T. Shaver, D. Krull, L. Thompson, N. Mueller, B. Krienke, T. Mieno, T. Ingram |
44. Comparison of Ground-Based Active Crop Canopy Sensor and Aerial Passive Crop Canopy Sensor for In-Season Nitrogen ManagementCrop canopy sensors represent one tool available to help calculate a reactive in-season nitrogen (N) application rate in corn. When utilizing such systems, corn growers must decide between using active versus passive crop canopy sensors. The objectives of this study was to 1) determine the correlation between N management by remote sensing using a passive sensor and N management using proximal sensing with an active sensors. Treatments were arranged as field length strips in a randomized complete... J. Parrish, R. Ferguson, J. Luck, K. Glewen, L. Thompson, B. Krienke, N. Mueller, T. Ingram, D. Krull, J. Crowther, T. Shaver, T. Mieno |
45. Grid Soil Sample Interpolation Using Geographicaly Weighted Regression and Random ForestSoil sampling is useful in agriculture for setting fertilizer application rates. High density soil samples can also be used for variable rate seeding and other precision agriculture applications. Half-acre grid soil samples were collected from 6 soybean fields, and phosphorous (P), potassium (K), and organic matter (OM) were measured. Each soil parameter was interpolated for each field, with terrain attributes as covariates, using two different methods: geographically weighted regression (GWR)... E. Matcham, S. Subburayalu, J. Fulton, E. Hawkins, P. Paul, L. Lindsey |
46. Nitrogen Management in Minnesota as Influenced by Soil Drainage and TillageTile-draining, conventional tillage and pre-plant applications of nitrogen (N) fertilizer are prevalent practices among Minnesota corn growers. However, climate change and increasingly warmer and wetter spring conditions have called for a re- evaluation of the appropriateness of these practices for continued sustainable corn production. The objectives of this study are to determine the influence of drainage, tillage and N application timing on (1) corn grain yield and N uptake, (2) corn N demand... G. Paiao, F. Fernandez |
47. Exploratory analysis of event-based edge-of-field phosphorus lossesUnderstanding how the timing of management activities, particularly manure and fertilizer applications, impacts P losses in runoff can improve farmers’ decisions on when to apply nutrients. The University of Wisconsin Discovery Farms and Discovery Farms Minnesota have been monitoring edge-of-field nutrient losses since 2004. This data set includes over 125 site-years of runoff across 26 fields and includes 1574 individual runoff events. The objectives of this study are to: (i) determine... |
48. Carbon Credit and Sequestration in Agroecosystems; Lessons from Trials in Southern IllinoisA carbon (C) credit is the attribution of net CO2-C equivalent which can be used to decrease climate forcing through a given practice or farming system for a given unit time. Carbon credits allow industries to purchase C that is produced on a farm (i.e., offsets). Carbon can be captured in two ways; (i) by capturing and reducing greenhouse gasses (on a CO2-C equivalent basis), and/or (ii) by increasing soil organic C stocks. Therefore, to enable C credits in the agricultural... A. Sadeghpour, A.M. Weidhuner, G. Burkett, O. Zandvakili, O. Adeyemi, C. Kula, J. Berberich, J. Pike, A.J. Margenot |
49. Effects of Variable Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Corn Grain Yield, Profitability, and Nitrogen Losses in Southwestern MinnesotaGlobal crop production heavily relies on the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers, which unfortunately comes with environmental concerns. The primary pathways N is lost to the environment is through nitrate leaching into groundwater, ammonia volatilization, and nitrous oxide emissions to the atmosphere. This ongoing study started in 2021 at the University of Minnesota Southwest Research and Outreach Center in Lamberton, MN, to comprehensively assess the effects of varying N fertilizer rates... Z.J. Aanerud, F.G. Fernández, R.T. Venterea, P.H. Pagliari, A.M. Cates, J.L. Nieber |
50. Nitrogen Rate and Harvesting Time Based on Growing Degree Days Influenced Winter Cereal Rye Morphological Traits, Forage Yield, Quality, and Farm Profit in Poorly Drained AlfisolsWinter cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) (WCR) is often double cropped with maize for silage (Zea mays L.) to increase farm forage supply and profit. Spring nitrogen (N) fertilization to WCR could influence its production and quality at different harvesting times. Therefore, two on-farm trials were conducted in the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 growing seasons to evaluate the effect of harvesting time (late-March to end-of-April considering the growth stage) and spring N fertilization... G. Burkett, K. Vaughn, O. Adeyemi, O. Zandvakili, M. Battaglia, S. Babaei, J. Nair, S. Still, A. Sadeghpour |
51. Management Practices to Minimize Edge-of-Field Phosphorus LossManaging agricultural phosphorus (P) loss at the edge-of-field is critically important to inhibit the development of algal blooms in freshwater bodies. This is particularly important in the Northern Central region which has an abundance of freshwater lakes, agricultural lands, and harmful algal blooms. Edge-of-field monitoring data allows us to take a broad look at how management affects P export from cropland. Looking across a region over several decades also allows us to evaluate the non-management... L. Pease |