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1. Comparison of Soil Properties under Long-Term Crop Rotation and TillageShifts in cropping systems from long-term rotations including forages to mostly annual crops has intensified tillage, but has also led to the development of conservation tillage practices such as no-till. There is a shortage of information about the interactive, long-term effects of rotation and tillage on soil quality. The objective of this study was to assess soil chemical and physical properties after 15 years of crop rotation and tillage treatments. Continuous corn (Zea mays L.) (CCC), corn-soybean... |
2. Effect of Ammonium to Nitrate Rations of Fertilizers Applied at Various Times Throughout the Growing Season on Yield and Nitrogen Concentrationof CornA number of recent investigations have produced evidenm that the ionic form of N taken up by roots affects the growth of plants. While soil- plants generally take up rest of their N as nitrate, there is evidence that increasing the relative proportion of ammonium in the culture (or soil) solution can enhance growth and yield. Owing to difficulties in prevent* the rapid miaxbial conversion of ammonium to nitrate in soil, this response has nat been well demnstrated in a field situation. The objective... |
3. Yield and N Concentraions of Corn with Different N Sources Applied at Different timesA number of recent investigations have produced evidence that the ionic form of N taken up by roots affects the growth of plants. While soil- grown plants generally take up most of their N as nitrate, there is evidence that increasing the relative proportion of ammonium in the culture (or soil) solution can enhance growth and yield. Owing to difficulties in preventing the rapid microbial conversion of ammonium to nitrate in soil, this response has not been well demonstrated in a field situation.... |
4. Starter Effects on Corn Grown on Previously Flooded SoilsThe devastating floods of 1993 prompted a great deal of concern about crop production in those areas the following year. These concerns were prompted both by scientific information (Fixen et al. 1984: Vivekanandan and Fixen, 1991) and by farmer observations from prior flood experience. In response to these concerns. projects, observations. and experiments were undertaken. These included collection of soil samples for chemical analysis in the fall of 1993, observations of corn grown in 1994 on flood... |
5. Assessing the Variability of Corn Response to NitrogenBecause results of experiments designed to test the response of corn to N rate tend to vary considerably with the environment. repetitions of such studies over time are essential. It is not clear, however, what number of repetitions are needed in order to deduce sound recommendations for application of N fertilizer to succeeding crops. We used the results from 16 years of a crop rotation x N rate study conducted at Monmouth, Illinois to assess the effect of duration of such an experiment on the stability... |
6. Formulating N Recommendations for Corn in the Corn Belt Using Recent DataMaking N rate recommendations for corn has been one of the most econonlically important goals of publicly funded crop production and soil fertility personnel and programs over the past five decades. Changes in cropping systems, hybrids, tillage, and other management practices, along with opportunities in site-specific inputs and awareness of the need to minimize the amount of N that reaches surface and ground waters have combined to increase the interest to re-exanline N rate recommendations, and... |
7. Regional Approach to Making Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Decisions for CornNitrogen fertilizer is one of the largest input costs for growing corn. Across the Corn Belt, N is typically the most yield-limiting nutrient. Facing record high N fertilizer prices and potential supply problems, producers are concellled about N fertilization rates. Soil fertility researchers and extension specialists froin seven states across the Corn Belt (see list in acknowledgements section) have been discussing corn N fertilization needs and evaluating N rate recommendation systems for approxinlately... |
8. Tillage and Nitrogen Responses to Residue Removal in Continuous CornWith the growing interest in harvesting corn stal k residue for use as biofuel comes the need to examine how residue removal might affect yield a nd N needs of the subsequent corn crop. We are conducted an experiment over the past five years ( 2006 to 2010) at four Illinois locations (three in Mollisols and one in Alfisol) in which all, part, or none of the corn residue is removed, followed by tilled and no-till split within each residue treatment, a nd with N rates split within each residue-tillage... |
9. Uptake and Leaching Potential Of Potassium And Sulfur When Split Applied For Corn on Irrigated SoilCoarse textured soils used in irrigated agriculture often face nutrient losses through the soil profile due to low cation exchange capacity (CEC). Split fertilizer application on sandy soils has been recommended for the corn crops in MN to avoid the leaching of fertilizers nutrients. Our study aimed to look at the potential for potassium and sulfur to be taken up or leached out in corn production. Two K and two S fertilizers studies were set up in Minnesota on coarse irrigated soils. Each site had... |
10. Soybean Production Research: A National ApproachU.S. soybean growers are looking for alternative methods to increase soybean yields and recent increases in commodity prices have given producers more freedom to invest in additional crop inputs or products. Unfortunately, quality data from studies addressing multiple contemporary inputs is scarce. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of combined soybean inputs on seed yield. These high input systems were tested in six states to evaluate their value across a broad geography.... |
11. Hybrid, Plant Population, and Nitrogen Interactions in CornCharacterizing hybrids by their response to both plant population and N response will be needed to help make variable-rate population and N rate work. We planted four corn hybrids at three sites in Illinois over two years, using combinations of 18,000, 34,000, and 50,000 plants per acre 0, 80, 160, and 240 lb N/acre. Across three environments where shortage of water reduced yields, 50,000 plants/acre yielded less than the two lower populations, both of which yields about the same. There was little... |
12. Evaluating Soil Health Indicators in Response to Tillage, Crop Rotation, and Cover CroppingSoil health is shaped by management practices that influence soil physical, chemical, and biological properties. Conservation practices such as reduced-disturbance tillage, cover cropping, and diverse crop rotations are increasingly promoted for improving soil structure, nutrient cycling, and microbial activity. However, the extent to which these practices interact and whether newly adopted no-till systems show similar benefits to long-term reduced tillage remains unclear. This study evaluates... S. Mesman, J. Clark, V. Nunes, P. Sexton |